Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
第一段
The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities.
(46)Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.
Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.
第二段
If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom.
(47) On the other, it links theseconcepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and co妹妹ent on the news.
For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting
on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.
第三段
(48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be.
(49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.
第四段
Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers.
(50) While co妹妹ent and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.
These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.
1、试题详细阐发
46) Traditionally,/ legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers,/ rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.
【考点】被动布局，并列连词，of布局
【解析】简略句。句子骨干：legal learning has been viewed as the special preserve of lawyers。此中谓语是如今完成时的被动语态，翻译时可译成被动句或自动句。若是译成自动句，谓语后的介词短语in such institutions在语法上作状语，但在寄义上，其为动作的发出者，即主语，是以在翻译时可把介词短语转换成名词，译成汉语句子的主语。谓语view… as…常译成“把……当作是……”。句首副词作状语。并列连词rather than毗连并列的名词短语the special preserve和a necessary part，译为“……而不是……”，a necessary part后有两个of短语作后置定语，翻译时应当依照汉语表达方法译成前置定语。
【辞汇】such institutions指上文中的Canadian universities，是以译为“这些大学，这种大学”。special preserve此处暗示的是“专属，特权”之意。intellectual equipment指“常识储蓄”。
【译文】久长以来，法令常识在这种黉舍里一向被视为状师们所专有的，而不是一个受教诲者的常识素养的需要构成部门。
47) On the other,/ it links these concepts to everyday realities/ in a manner which is parallel to the links/ journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and co妹妹ent on the news.
【考点】指代，嵌套式定语从句，状语从句，动宾布局
【解析】复合句。句子骨干：it links these concepts to everyday realities，代词it指代上文提到的law，in a manner 在句中作状语，翻译时可按照汉语表达必要将其前置。which指导的定语从句润饰manner，其骨干是which is parallel to the links，后面又嵌套了一个省略指导词that的定语从句，润饰the links，即(that) journalists forge on a daily basis。别的，which指导的定语从句中有一个状语on a daily basis和一个状语从句as they…，在翻译时都必要前置。如许，which指导的定语从句中嵌套了定语从句和状语从句。此类嵌套式的繁杂句式可采纳拆译法，即译成“这(种做法)”。
【辞汇】parallel to应译为“雷同于”；forge的寄义包含“铸造、捏造、告竣、构成”，这里forge links应译为“创建，构成接洽”。cover与news搭配时，译为“报导(消息)”。
【译文】另外一方面，这一学科把这些观点连系到平常糊口中，这与消息记者天天报导和评论消息时的做法是不异的。
48) But the idea/ that the journalist must understand the law moreprofoundly than an ordinary citizen/ rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.
【考点】同位语从句，比力布局，并列布局，of布局
【解析】复合句。句子骨干：But the idea rests on an understanding。that指导的从句是idea的同位语。与定语从句的翻译很类似，若是同位语从句较简略，可采纳合译，如：……这类概念；也可采纳拆译法，如：……，这一概念。本句的翻译采纳后一种法子。第一个of介词短语在understanding后作后置定语，而of the news media又是前面两个并列的名词短语established conventions and special responsibilities的后置定语，翻译时都应前置。
【辞汇】rest on原意为“逗留在”，但在句中常取其抽象寄义“取决于”；established译为“既定的，业已肯定的”。
【译文】消息记者应比平凡公民加倍透辟地领会法令，而这类见解是基于他们对消息媒体业已肯定的规约和特别责任的理解。
49) In fact, it is difficult to see/ how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution/ can do a competent job on political stories.
【考点】it作情势主语，宾语从句，定语从句
【解析】复合句。句子骨干：it is difficult to see…，该句子中it是情势主语，真实的主语是后面的不定式，是以翻译时情势主语it没必要翻译，直接将不定式的内容译出。不定式布局to see后是how指导的宾语从句作宾语，其骨干是how journalists...can do a competent job on political stories，此中who指导的定语从句润饰journalists，翻译时应前置。
【辞汇】see应译为“想象，假想”；have a clear grasp应译为“清楚了解”；the basic features译为“根基特性；根基要点”；do a competent job中competent由形容词转换为动词，译为“胜任事情”；stories按照上下文应选择“消息报导”这个意思。
【译文】究竟上，很难假想那些对加拿大宪法的根基要点缺少清楚领会的消息记者何故能胜任政治消息的报导事情。
50) While co妹妹ent and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories,/ it is preferable/ for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance/ and make their own judgments.
【考点】状语从句，情势主语
【解析】复合句。句子骨干：it is preferable to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments。it为情势主语，不定式为真正主语，翻译时将不定式的内容直接译出。While指导的是妥协状语从句，译成“固然……，虽然……”。
【辞汇】preferable意为“更可取的，更好的”；enhance意为“提高，丰硕，完美”，这里为了使意思加倍明白，应增译为“提高……的质量”；notion意为“观念，理解，见解”。
【译文】 虽然状师的看法和反响会提高报导的质量，但消息记者最佳凭仗他们本身对首要性的理解自行做出果断。
2、全文翻译
几个世纪以来，对法令的钻研一向被当作是欧洲列国大学的一门根本常识学科。但是，只是在近来几年它才成为加拿大大学本科专业的一个特点。46）久长以来，法令常识在这种黉舍里一向被视为状师们所专有的，而不是一个受教诲者的常识素养的需要构成部门。可喜的是，加拿大的很多大学正在建立更传统、更具欧洲大陆特点的法令教诲概念，有些大学乃至已起头授与法令学士学位。
若是有关法令的钻研正在起头成为平凡教诲的首要构成部门，那末它的方针和法子应当会立即吸引消息学教诲者。法令是一门鼓动勉励举行卖力任的果断的学科。一方面，它为阐发像公道、民主和自由如许的观点供给机遇；47）另外一方面，这一学科把这些观点连系到平常糊口中，这与消息记者天天报导和评论消息时的做法是不异的。好比，有关证据和究竟、根基权力和公家长处如许的观点在消息果断和消息建造进程中就犹如在法庭上同样阐扬感化。经由过程研读并思虑法令来提高果断力是一位消息记者为其奇迹应当做的一项常识筹备。
48）消息记者应比平凡公民加倍透辟地领会法令，而这类见解是基于他们对消息媒体业已肯定的规约和特别责任的理解。政治，或更遍及一点，国度的本能机能，是消息记者报导的一个重要方面。他们对国度运作的方法领会越多，他们的报导就越优异。49）究竟上，很难假想那些对加拿大宪法的根基要点缺少清楚领会的消息记者何故能胜任政治消息的报导事情。
别的，法令系统和此中产生的事务是消息记者报导的主题。固然与法令有关的消息报导的性子变革很大，可是很多消息记者都过度依靠状师提供应他们的诠释。50）虽然状师的看法和反响会提高报导的质量，但消息记者最佳凭仗他们本身对首要性的理解自行做出果断。要做到这些，只能@寄%2uoF6%托对法%xl18b%令@系统深刻正确的理解。
